Biogradska Gora: One of the oldest national parks in the world

Biogradska Gora is one of the oldest national parks in the world, and is one of 3 preserved rainforests in Europe. As one of the oldest national parks in the world, this area is a mix of different ecosystems, including ancient forests, glacial lakes and lots of wildlife.

It occupies the central part of the Bjelasica mountain massif. The park covers the area of 5.650 hectars and it is the most forested national park in Europe. The park is surrounded with many peaks above 2000 meters and the highest ones are Crna Glava (2.139 meters), Zekova Glava (2.117 meters), and Troglava Peaks (2.072 meters).

Bjelasica Mountain is the greenest mountain in Montenegro, very rich with rivers, lakes and water springs. Numerous villages, katuns (traditional mountain villages which are functioning only in summer) and houses, cottages, towers, water-mills are scattered along the borders of the primeval reserve of Biogradska Gora National Park.

Biogradska Gora is located in the heart of Montenegro and it is a perfect example of Montenegro's commitment to preserving its rich natural heritage.

History of Biogradska Gora

Biogradska Gora earned its status a National Park just six years after Yellowstone in the USA (Yellowstone became the world's first National Park in 1872). The effort to protect the Biogradska River basin started in 1878, after Kolasin was freed from Turkish rule.

At that time, the Moracko and Rovacko tribes of Montenegro handed over their part of the Biogradska Gora forest to Montenegro's ruler, Prince Nikola. From then on, these forests were called "Knjazev zabran" and were under state protection.

Location of Biogradska Gora

Biogradska Gora National Park is located in the north-east part of Montenegro, spreading between rivers Tara and Lim and it is surrounded with municipalities of Kolasin and Mojkovac. There are two roads from Podgorica (our capital) to Biogradska Gora. One leads across the Moraca river canyon (Platije) with gorgeous views along the way and more then 30 tunnels, and the other leads through the newly built Princess Xenia highway, the only highway in Montenegro.

From Podgorica, you can take a taxi, rent-a-car or private tour to National Park  Biogradska Gora. Also, you can go by bus, however it is rather inconvenient as the bus only goes to Kolasin or Mojkovac and then you need to take a taxi. The trip takes approximately 2 hours. The entrance to this national park is 4€. The best way to visit Biogradska Gora is on a tour, with a guide that will explain everything about this beautiful national park,

Kolašin

Kolašin is a small mountain town in the northern part of Montenegro. It has about 2500 inhabitants. The city is located 1000 meters above sea level, has the cleanest air, and it is considered to be an air spa. With the proximity to the natural wonders as well as the ski center which attracts a lot of people in the winter, it is considered to be one of the most important cities featuring mountain and winter tourism in Montenegro. However, summer is just as beautiful as it offers incredible sights all over the mountains. Famous cultural spots of the city are: Cultural Center, Memorial Home, Native Museum etc. Many cultural events are organized in the city, and one of the most famous events is North Fest in August.

Mojkovac

Mojkovac is a town located about 45 minutes from Kolasin with a population of about 11,000 inhabitants. In the heart of a breathtaking landscape, surrounded by Bjelasica and Sinjajevina, at the crossing of the stunning National Parks of Biogradska Gora and Durmitor and the majestic river Tara, you'll find quiet mountain city, Mojkovac.

Here you will be able to explore a diverse landscape of forests, green pastures, meadows, and mountain peaks adorned with water, all within a relatively small area. The area is famous by its delicious cuisine, traditional homes, warm hosts, organic fruits and vegetables and stunning natural sights, close within the reach.

Mojkovac's history dates back to the reign of King Uros I, who gave it its name inspired by the coins minted in the Brskovo mines. Once an industrial center, Mojkovac now focuses on agriculture and tourism, harnessing its abundant natural resources for development.

Perhaps the best part of Mojkovac is the incredible Tara River, known as the Tear of Europe with its canyon, also a UNESCO heritage sight. Stretching almost 150 kilometers, it offers pristine, drinkable water with numerous waterfalls and natural attractions.

Landscapes of Biogradska Gora National Park

Biogradska Gora is located in the central region of Montenegro, part of the expansive Bjelasica mountain range. Its geographical coordinates place it as a central point in the country, showcasing the diversity of Montenegro's natural beauty. The park's landscape is filled with dense forests and well-maintained trails that provide visitors with access to the heart of this ecological heaven.

There are six glacial lakes with a maximum altitude of 1,820 m and the most accessible one is Biogradsko Lake. Most tourists stop here and enjoy the cold water and incredible nature. Above it lies Ursulovacko, Pesica, Sisko, Mali Sisko, and Sevarina Lakes.

At the center of Biogradska Gora lies Biogradsko lake, the largest among the six glacial lakes within the park. Surrounded by forests and snowy peaks, Biogradsko Lake is a captivating sight and a central point for the park's vibrant ecosystem. Additionally, smaller lakes, such as Lake Pesica, add to the park's charm, creating a balance between water and woodland.

 Lake Pesica is accessible by either taking a 6 hour hike, or going on a jeep tour. You can check our reel on instagram to see how jeep tour in Bjelasica looks like:

Plants and animals of Biogradska Gora

Biogradska Gora boasts an impressive plant and animal species, contributing to its status as a haven for biodiversity. The forests are the home to various tree species, each playing a crucial role in the balance of the ecosystem.

One of the most remarkable aspects of Biogradska Gora is the presence of virgin or old-growth forest. These ancient woodlands have remained largely untouched by humans, allowing for the preservation of unique ecological processes.

European beech, black pine, and spruce are among the dominant tree species. Some of the trees are over 40 meters tall and have stood there for centuries - more then 400 years old.

The park has 26 plant groups with around 2.000 species and subspecies.

The park's biodiversity extends beyond its flora, with a variety of wildlife. Although it is rare, you may encounter bears, wolves, and deer. The rich birdlife is another highlight, with numerous species inhabiting the treetops and skies above, so you can often hear birds chirping while doing a hike or walking in the park.

With over 200 bird species, very interesting is the imperial eagle. Deers, wolfs, wild boars, foxes, rabbits and over 350 different insects species have found their home in this Park.

The cliffs and rocky steep sides of the mountain peaks are the habitats of the largest and most threatened birds, such as: bald eagle, griffon vulture, falcon, kestrel. On the highest mountain peaks, there are some typically glacial bird species, such as the snow-eared lark, the mountain plover and others. The resident of the cliffs is also a rare protected bird, the puzac. The high mountain zone is also the habitat of the chamois.

Conservation Initiatives

Biogradska Gora was designated as a national park in 1952, marking Montenegro's commitment to preserving the area's unique natural features. The park's establishment aimed to protect its diverse ecosystems and promote sustainable environmental practices.

The conservation efforts within Biogradska Gora extend beyond the park's boundaries, involving local communities and national authorities. Sustainable tourism practices and educational programs play a crucial role in raising awareness about the importance of preserving this natural wonder.

Climate of National Park Biogradska Gora

When it comes to the climate of Montenegro, Biogradska Gora has 4 different types of climate. It is diverse due to the specific location of the National Park. There are moderate continental, Adriatic-Mediterranean, mountain and sub-mountain climates.

Given that Biogradska Gora in Montenegro is located on the Bjelasica mountain, the average summer temperature in this area is only 17 degrees Celsius. Anyone wishing for a perfect escape from the unbearable summer heat, Biogradska Gora National Park is the best choice for a pleasant vacation.

Urban legend of Biogradska Gora

The town was surrounded by a mountain, and that's how it got the name Biogradska gora. And when it comes to the origin of Biogradsko Lake, even today, in the middle of it, when the water recedes in the summer, you can see the guvno. In fact, this legend may be completely true based on that. In those ancient times, in the place where the present lake is, there was a huge area of ​​planted grain, and the place where the grain is harvested is called “guvno”. When two brothers wanted to thresh, they started fighting over the crops, that is, over the division of the grain. Then their mother intervened, trying to calm them down. But when she failed, one brother killed the other. Then the mother cursed that area planted with grain, saying: 'May the blue sea open'. That's how, according to that legend, water boiled in that place and Biogradsko Lake was born. And “guvno” still exists there, in the middle of the lake.

What to do in Biogradska Gora National Park

WALK AROUND Biogradsko Lake

The hiking trails, national restaurant, parking space and space for grilling and socializing are all around the lake.

Biogradsko Lake is the largest and most accessible of the six glacier lakes in the park, and there’s an easy 3.5 km (2 mi) walk around it. This hike offers plenty of photo opportunities with numerous signposts to help point you in the right direction. Along the way, you'll find information about different aspects of the park, as well as the plants and animals living here.

The whole lake provides the educational walking path length of about 3.5 km, with 6 interactive stations that provide information about the flora and fauna of the area.

RENT A BOAT ON BIOGRADSKO LAKE

You can rent a small wooden boats for cruising over the lake, with the most stunning sights around you.

Biogradsko Lake is located in the place where glacier melted in the late past and formed the water which is covering the area up to 250.000 m², depending on the water level.

The maximum depth of Biograd Lake is 12.1 meters.From one side to the other there is about 3.5km. Biogradsko Lake is fed by Biograd River.

Buy some souvenirs

Here you can get various motives from Bjelasica, National Park Biogradska Gora or Montenegro, as well, and various tourist maps in order to easily move through the National Park and Bjelasica.

Camp in Biogradska Gora

Camping in Biogradska Gora is great in the summer months. You can find designated areas where you can camp and enjoy the nature. When the weather is nice, you can enjoy a walk by the lake, visiting restaurants that offer local specialties, cycling and other activities that Biogradska Gora offers.

Hiking in Biogradska Gora: Top  tours

Hiking has always been one of the best ways to experience the scenery of Biogradska Gora National Park. Depending on the difficulty level, there are shorter or longer trails that lead to mountain peaks or glacier lakes here.

There are 6 well marked trekking trails in Biogradska Gora National Park and Bjelasica Mountain.

Some of the best hiking tours are:

Zekova Glava

Bjelasica is different from other mountains in the region. The rocks are of volcanic origin, so during the summer, the mountain is green, and during the winter, it's white. The most interesting river, or Biograd River, flows by Bjelasica mountain and fills Biogradsko Lake.

Nowhere in Montenegro will you find more fairytale lakes and streams than when hiking to the highest peak of Bjelasica – Zekova Glava. Standing at 2,122 m and a trip length of 11 km, this mountain offers more than just its beautiful scenery.

Bjelojevića River

The Bjelojevića River is worth a visit. The most popular attraction here is Troglava peak and numerous glacial lakes along the way. The hike follows the river and is shaded, perfect for summer.

It is a 35 km long river hike that crosses several villages and peaks. Most importantly, it follows the river. This is a whole day hike.

The lakes have intense emerald blue water and a forest around them. Some things never change when it comes to this place, making it easier for us to understand what captured the admiration of King Nikola.

Cuisine in National Park Biogradska Gora

Leaf cheese is a specific type of homemade cheese that is produced only in the territory of the municipality of Kolašin. It is used to prepare national dishes such as kačamak (potato and corn flour), cicvara (corn flour and cream) and popara (dry bread, crust and full-fat cheese). Read more about Montenegrin cheeses here.

The rest of the cuisine consists of mainly meat and potatoes. Since this is the area with cold climate, for centuries people were eating much heavier food then those on the sea side. Nevertheless, the food is absolutely delicious. If you want to know more about Montenegrin cuisine, you can read it here.

Biogradska Gora as a Global Environmental Treasure

Biogradska Gora is an example of Montenegro's dedication to preserving its natural heritage. The park's diverse ecosystems, ancient forests, and lakes create an unparalleled natural beauty.

If you decide to visit it, you will connect with nature on a profound level and see the delicate balance of ecosystems and the importance of preserving untouched wilderness. As we continue to fight with environmental challenges globally, Biogradska Gora serves as a beacon of hope, showcasing what can be achieved when communities, governments, and international bodies come together to protect and celebrate the wonders of the natural world.

If you are looking for Northern Montenegro tours, check out this private tour bellow:

https://www.caelitravel.com/northern-montenegro-national-parks-private-tour